tio2 is a manufacturer

The production of titanium dioxide powder has significant environmental impacts, primarily due to the energy-intensive nature of the chloride processcas: 13463-67-7 titanium dioxide powder factory. However, manufacturers are increasingly adopting more sustainable practices to minimize their environmental footprint. For instance, they are exploring alternative production methods such as the sulfate process, which uses sulfuric acid instead of chlorine gas, resulting in lower greenhouse gas emissions.

...

Macromolecular oxidation was detected in proteins by the colorimetric measurement of Advanced Oxidation Protein Products (AOPP) and in lipids by the colorimetric quantification of malondialdehyde (MDA). Standard curves were run with chloramine-T and 1,1,3,3 tetraethoxypropane (TEP) for AOPP and MDA methods, respectively [29][30][31]. Values were normalized to initial protein content in samples, measured with Bradford reagent [32]. The standard deviation of at least six measures was calculated and p-value < 0.05 were considered significant.

...
...